The Engagement of the Syrian Diaspora in Germany in Peacebuilding

In past decades there has been growing interest in Diaspora engagement in development, however, this topic is discussed controversially. On one hand, Diasporas can have a positive developmental effect on their country of origin though civil society engagement in form of social, cultural and political projects, as well as economic transfers. Diasporas have sometimes been recognized as “agents for development”. As a result, some countries of residence, as well as countries of origin, are starting to implement policies that aim to mobilize Diasporas and encourage their engagement in development (Castles & Miller 2009). According to Vertovec (2005), “over the past 25 years, Diasporas have increasingly become significant players in the international political arena” (p.1). Due to the changing nature of conflicts after the Cold War, however, researchers have increasingly emphasized the role of Diasporas in contemporary conflicts (Demmers 2007). Diasporas have also been described as “long distance nationalists” (Anderson 1994), who can exacerbate conflict. Smith (2007) asks a key question which highlights this debate: are Diasporas peace makers or peace breakers? He concludes that Diasporas can be both peace makers and peace wreckers depending on the specific circumstances. As Diasporas are not homogenous groups, they also can be both simultaneously. Regrettably, there is limited research on this discourse available (Sinatti 2010).